include用法 include后面接什么动词

有些观点认为，非谓语题在高考英语试卷中虽然一题几分，看似分值不大，却不容忽视。其实不然，非谓语作为一种基本的语法现象，它能够出现在任何类型的题目中，涵盖单选、完型、阅读、改错等各类题型。就算是在作文中，若全篇都不出现一个非谓语，恐怕分数也不会太高。可以说，非谓语在整张中以各种方式出现，考查着我们的英语能力。我们不能仅因分值小就轻视非谓语的重要性。

关于非谓语的详细讲解，同学们在课堂上已经基本掌握。下面我们将以高考真题为例，主要围绕非谓语题的答题技巧进行讲解，帮助同学们在高考英语中准确解答，稳定拿分。

非谓语形式就是动词的变形，即由动词变化而来，但不能做谓语，而是承担其他语法功能。主要有三种形式：不定式、分词（现在分词、过去分词），动名词。下面我们来详细了解一下这三种形式及其用法。

非谓语动词的否定形式是在其前面加not。非谓语动词还有复合结构等复杂用法。

非谓语题答题技巧如下：确定是否需要非谓语。句中已经有谓语动词，再出现动词表示动作时，须用非谓语形式。分析是不是固定短语，如果是就按照固定短语来分析。接着，分析出非谓语的逻辑主语，主要有几种情况。例如，非谓语做定语时，非谓语的逻辑主语是非谓语所修饰的词。确定非谓语与其逻辑主语之间的关系是主动还是被动，并分析非谓语表示的动作与主句谓语动作发生的时间关系。

下面是一些非谓语真题练习：

【2021年真题】

Like many other students, you may have various people, including family members and friends, giving input on your college.（2021年真题）

In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries studied had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.（1985年数据）

【2020年真题】

全国卷I部分题目：

Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments on board Chang'e-4 （嫦娥）to find and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.（嫦娥上的仪器将用于寻找和研究南极艾特肯盆地地区）

以上只是部分真题示例，更多题目及解析请参考官方资料。希望同学们通过练习，熟练掌握非谓语的使用，取得好成绩。

通过以上讲解和练习，相信同学们对非谓语有了更深入的理解和掌握。在接下来的学习和备，请同学们注重非谓语的学习和应用，提高英语能力，取得优异成绩。

希望这份资料能对您的学习和备考有所帮助。

祝学习顺利！

1. If you find something that you love doing outside of the office, it will lessen the likelihood of bringing your work home.

2. You can choose between staying at home or taking a trip.

全国卷 III

1. Skilled workers combine various hardwoods and metal with the aim of creating special designs.

2. People probably cooked their food in large pots, using twigs to remove them.

3. I showed them that I was independent by wearing unusual clothes.

全国卷 I

1. A study of travelers, conducted by the website Trip Advisor, names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.

2. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, regularly arranges quick gateways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

全国卷 II

1. The adobe dwellings built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired even by the most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to naturally "air condition" a house without using electric equipment.

2. During a new day, the walls have released their heat and are now cold enough to cool the house; at the same time, they warm up again for the night.

3. After a brief look at the toy, he turned around and found his parents were missing.

答案解析（部分展示）

▲2021年

八省联考

1. 句意为“包括……”，应填介词including。

浙江卷

1. studied：考查非谓语动词。根据句意和句子结构，此处应使用study的非谓语动词形式，作countries的后置定语，且countries与study之间为被动关系，因此选studied。

2. living：考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰people，表示“居住在上海和香港的人”，且people与live之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。

全国卷 I

1. to find：考查非谓语动词。此处表示目的，应用不定式作目的状语。

2. frying改为fried：考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢吃炸西红柿。fry与tomatoes之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语。