例如英文


英语常用词疑难用法精讲:another

1. 表示额外数量:

在表示“另外再有…个”时,可以在复数数量前使用 "another",此时 "another" 不具有单数含义,例如 "another 100 people"(另外100人)。

2. 前后数量一致性:

有些人认为,使用 "another" 时,前后两个数量应该相等。例如,对于 "Eighteen persons were summoned as witnesses, and another six were interrogated." (十八个人被传唤作证,另有六个人被询问。) 这句话,他们可能会反对使用 "another",因为前后数字不一致。 但这种观点并不完全正确。在这个例句中,如果去掉 "another",可能会产生歧义,让人误以为这六个人是十八个人中的。

3. 表示“另一个”:

"another" 放在单数可数名词前,可以表示在原有基础上增加一个,原有的事物仍然保留。例如:

"Could I have another piece of bread?" (我可以再吃一片面包吗?)

"It's generally not a good idea to pick a New Yorker at random, go through his things and slow his rush to the subway. Nobody needs another irritation on a hot, crowded, smelly commute." (通常,随便挑选出一个纽约人,查看他的东西,耽搁他奔向地铁的路程,这不是个好主意。天气这么热,人这么挤,气味这么大,谁上下班都不需要额外增添一件恼火的事。)

如果名词是不可数名词,或者可数但复数(没有说明具体数目),就不能用 "another",而要用 "more"。例如:

"Would you like some more meat?" (您是不是再来点肉?)

"Would you like some more peas?" (您是不是再来点豆子?)

在复数可数名词前,如果有 "few" 或是数词,仍然可以使用 "another"。例如:

"I'm staying for another few weeks." (我再多留几个星期。)

"We need another three chairs." (我们还需要增添三把椅子。)

4. 表示“替代”:

"another" 放在单数可数名词之前,也可以表示用一个新的事物来替代原有的事物。例如:

"I think we should paint it another colour." (我觉得咱们应该把它漆成别的一个颜色。)

在这个意义上,"another" 的定指形式是 "the other"。 例如:

"I don't like this room. I'd prefer another one." (我不喜欢这个房间。我倒不如要另外一间。)

如果“另外一间”是指定的对象,就可以说 "I'd prefer the other one."

5. 表示“普通的,没什么特别的”:

有时,"another" 可以表示“普普通通”、“同大家没什么分别”的意思,前面往往加上 "just"。例如:

"Where they had seen but an unsuccessful artist, like another..." (Somerset Maugham, The Moon and Sixpence, Chapter I) (他们当初看作是个失败的画家,一个同无数落魄艺术家没有什么不同的画家...)

"Six years ago he'd been just another comedian looking to score a gig, a few bucks, anything going." (六年前,他只是一个普普通通的喜剧演员,到处找活儿干,挣几块钱,干什么都行。)

"In contrast to the way she had been before her husband's death—handsome, stylish, athletic—she was now just another elderly woman." (她一反丈夫去世之前的那副时髦漂亮、风度优雅、矫健结实的仪表,现在成了一个普普通通的老太婆。)

"Do you treat your own father as just another sick old man?" (你难道把自己亲生父亲也当作普普通通一个病老头那样对待吗?)

6. 搭配明确数量的复数名词:

一般情况下,"another" 后面只能接单数名词。但是如果复数名词前面有明确的数目,就可以放在 "another" 后面。例如: "another fifty miles" (再有五十英里)。

如果是 "a hundred", "a thousand", "a million",则需要去掉 "a",也可以用 "one" 来代替。例如: "another thousand years" 或 "another one thousand years" (再过一千年)。